1、就是把某样事物完全了解，没有哪里不懂的地方。

2、对原文透彻理解之后再着手翻译。

Dont begin the translation until you understand the original text thoroughly.

3、细心观察是为了理解，透彻理解是为了行动。

Careful observation is to understand, thorough understanding is for action.

4、没有结构图想要透彻理解灾难的复杂性几乎不可能。

To come close to understanding the intricacies of the disaster without diagrams is next to impossible.